Imagine enjoying a refreshing cold drink or a piece of chocolate, only for sharp tooth pain to strike suddenly, cutting your enjoyment short. While the pain might disappear as quickly as it came, it always returns when triggered again. This sensation is most likely caused by dentin hypersensitivity, often referred to as tooth pain or tooth nerve pain.
There are several reasons why dentin hypersensitivity might occur. Before exploring the causes and solutions, it's important to understand the basic anatomy of your teeth.
According to online resources by Colgate, the structural composition of a tooth is as follows:
Enamel – Enamel represents the most resilient substance in the human body, serving as a protective barrier for the dentin located above the gum line.
Dentin – This component encloses the pulp and connects to it via microscopic tubular structures known as tubules, safeguarding the tooth's interior.
Pulp – Centrally positioned within the tooth, the pulp houses essential nerves and blood vessels, playing a critical role in its nourishment and sensory function.
Cementum – Situated below the gum line, cementum is a robust layer enveloping the dentin, anchoring the tooth securely within the jawbone.
Under normal circumstances, a tooth’s layers remain intact, protecting the inner structures from bacteria, temperature changes, and pressure. However, if these protective layers are compromised, sensitive dentin and nerves can be exposed, resulting in painful tooth sensations.
The following are some common causes of this condition.
Enamel may be strong, but it's not impervious to acid. Consuming acidic foods or beverages temporarily softens enamel, leading to mineral loss. This also occurs in cases of frequent vomiting or acid reflux. Over time, eroded enamel provides less protection for the underlying dentin, leading to increased tooth pain.
Poor oral hygiene can cause plaque bacteria to accumulate, leading to gum diseases like periodontitis. This chronic gum inflammation results in the formation of gum pockets, exposing the roots and dentin to irritants such as sugar, acids, and temperature changes, which can trigger tooth pain.
A cracked, chipped, or broken tooth can expose dentin or trigger tooth nerve pain. Bacteria may also gather in the cracks, potentially leading to infections or abscesses within the tooth. Although this pain feels similar to dentin hypersensitivity, it’s a different issue altogether. Seek dental care immediately if you sustain any tooth injury to avoid further complications such as infection or tooth loss.
The best approach to reducing tooth pain is prevention through proper oral hygiene. Brush your teeth twice daily using fluoride toothpaste, floss daily, and use a mouthwash designed for enamel protection. Additionally, try a fluoride-rich toothpaste like elmex® Sensitive Professional Toothpaste, which not only protects and strengthens enamel but also provides instant and lasting relief from sensitivity pain.
Sensitive teeth toothpaste containing ingredients like arginine and calcium carbonate can block the dentin tubules, offering protection for tooth nerves. For targeted relief, gently massage a small amount of toothpaste onto the affected area with your fingertip for one minute. Products like elmex® Sensitive Professional Toothpaste are highly effective for this purpose.
To minimise enamel erosion and subsequent teeth pain, limit consumption of these items:
Fizzy drinks
Fruit juices, especially citrus-based ones
Alcopops and soft drinks
Sports drinks
If you do consume something acidic, avoid brushing your teeth immediately afterward because softened enamel is more susceptible to wear. Instead, rinse your mouth with water or use a fluoride mouthwash like elmex® Sensitive Professional Mouthwash. Wait a few hours, allowing the enamel to harden, before brushing.
Whether it's due to sensitivity or tooth nerve pain, tooth discomfort can significantly impact your daily life. Proper oral care and the right products can help prevent and alleviate discomfort. When in doubt, consult your dentist to rule out any serious underlying issues and receive tailored advice.
For immediate and long-term relief from sensitive teeth or painful tooth nerves, consider trying elmex® Sensitive Professional Toothpaste, which is clinically proven to provide both instant and lasting protection. For more insights on dental sensitivity, check out helpful resources from the South African Dental Association or other trusted dental bodies.
Take the first step in protecting your teeth—say goodbye to tooth sensitivity and regain your comfort today.
Your tooth brushing technique also has an impact on your teeth and gums. Back-and-forth scrubbing movements can in the long-term lead to receding gums. If some of the dentine is exposed this can particularly exacerbate the problem. Try to use more circular movements. Your dentist can give you more helpful tips. Brush in a circular motion. Your dental practice team can give you useful advice.
